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Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability

Received: 5 October 2024     Accepted: 4 November 2024     Published: 28 November 2024
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Abstract

Landslides constitute one of the principal perils in Nepal, particularly within its hilly and mountainous terrains, where a confluence of geological fragility and climatic extremities engenders precarious landscapes. Such hazards precipitate considerable loss of life and property. This investigation centers on the Aklesal Dablyang landslide in Baglung district, a potent menace to local infrastructure, agricultural domains, and human lives. By deploying a synthesis of geotechnical (laboratory-based soil analysis) and geophysical (Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)) methodologies, the intrinsic properties of the soil and rock substrata within the landslide precinct were meticulously examined. The findings reveal that the landslide comprises predominantly loose colluvial deposits with elevated moisture levels, resulting in reduced shear strength and heightened failure susceptibility. The study accentuates the pivotal influence of hydrological phenomena such as surface runoff and groundwater seepage in aggravating slope destabilization. These results underscore the exigency for efficacious risk mitigation strategies to diminish landslide impacts on vulnerable communities. The Aklesal Dablyang landslide exemplifies the intricate interplay of geological and hydrological dynamics within Nepal’s complex topographical context. This research delineates the geotechnical and geophysical determinants of slope stability, highlighting the prevalence of loose colluvial deposits exacerbated by substantial moisture content, which attenuates shear strength and heightens vulnerability to mass movement. ERT analyses divulged a stratigraphy dominated by clayey sand interspersed with cobbles and boulders, which exhibit pronounced susceptibility to mass displacement during intense monsoonal precipitation—a phenomenon exacerbated by climate change. Anthropogenic interventions, including deficient drainage systems and substandard construction methodologies, further destabilize slopes by escalating pore-water pressure and diminishing soil cohesion. The study accentuates the imperative for integrative risk management paradigms, encompassing resilient engineering solutions, hydrological controls, and community collaboration, to bolster resilience against such geo-hazards.

Published in Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (Volume 9, Issue 6)
DOI 10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14
Page(s) 211-225
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Electrical Resistivity Tomography, Grain Size Analysis, Infiltration, Landslide, Direct Shear Test

References
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[2] Bhattarai, B., & Sitaula, B. K. (2002). Landslide hazards in Nepal: An overview. Natural Hazards, 26(1), 29-49.
[3] Budha, P. B., & Chhetri, R. B. (2016). Geophysical techniques for subsurface investigation related to landslides. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 130, 50–60.
[4] Dangol, B. R. (2002). The impact of landslides on infrastructure in Nepal: A case study approach. Journal of Mountain Science, 4(1), 53-64.
[5] Department of Mines and Geology. (1985). Geological map of Western Nepal (Scale 1:250,000). Kathmandu, Nepal: Department of Mines and Geology.
[6] Ghimire, M., & Shrestha, S. (2010). Landslide risk assessment in Nepal: A case study from the hilly region of Nepal. Landslides, 7(3), 287-298.
[7] Hasegawa, S., & Dahal, R. K. (2009). Influence of lithology on landslide susceptibility in the Himalayan region of Nepal: A case study from the Lesser Himalaya of Nepal based on weights-of-evidence modeling approach. Geomorphology, 102(3-4), 496-510.
[8] Igwe, J. C. (2015). Soil mechanics and landslide prediction. Landslides, 12(5), 733–743.
[9] Kayastha, P., Dhital, M. R., & De Smedt, F. (2012). Landslide susceptibility mapping using the weight of evidence method in the Tinau watershed, Nepal. Natural hazards, 63, 479-498.
[10] Kjekstad O., Highland L. M. (2009). Economic and Social Impacts of Landslides in Landslides–Disaster Risk Reduction; Springer: Berlin Heidelberg Germany.
[11] Melkamie, T., Adhikari, R., & Shrestha, S. B. (2024). Geotechnical characterization of landslides: A comprehensive study from Nepal's hilly regions. Landslides.
[12] Palacky, G. J. (1987). Conductivity-resistivity values of various rock-forming materials. Geophysical Research Letters, 14(11), 1291-1294.
[13] Petley D. N., Hearn G. J., Hart A., Rosser N. J., Dunning S. A., Oven K., Mitchell W. A. (2007). Trends in Landslide Occurrence in Nepal: A Review. Geological Society Special Publications, 273(1), 217–226.
[14] Poudyal, R., & Kafle, G. K. (2012). Community-based disaster risk management in Nepal: A case study of landslide-prone areas. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2, 12-20.
[15] Sapkota, N., & Paudel, L. P. (2018). Geological study of the Lesser Himalaya in the Kusma - Baglung area, Western Nepal. Bulletin of the Department of Geology, 20, 29-36.
[16] Sassa, K., & Takahashi, T. (2004). Geophysical methods for landslide investigation and monitoring: Applications in Japan and Nepal. Landslides, 1(1), 55-64.
[17] Tang, Y. (2023). Satellite imagery applications for landslide monitoring. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 28, 100–110.
[18] Telford, W. M., Geldart, L. P., & Sheriff, R. E. (1990). Applied geophysics (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
[19] Thapa P. B., Lamichhane S., Joshi K. P., Regmi A. R., Bhattarai D., Adhikari H. (2023). Landslide Susceptibility Assessment in Nepal’s Chure Region: A Geospatial Analysis. Land, 12(12), 2186.
[20] Upreti, B. The physiography and geology of Nepal and their bearing on the landslide problem. In Landslide Hazard Mitigation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas; International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development: Kathmandu, Nepal, 2001; pp. 31–49.
[21] Wang, G., & Sassa, K. (2005). Shear strength parameters and their implications for landslide susceptibility. Engineering Geology, 81(3), 223–233.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Bhandari, K., Acahrya, M., Joshi, B., Rokaya, D. K., Dumre, P., et al. (2024). Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 9(6), 211-225. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14

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    ACS Style

    Bhandari, K.; Acahrya, M.; Joshi, B.; Rokaya, D. K.; Dumre, P., et al. Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability. J. Civ. Constr. Environ. Eng. 2024, 9(6), 211-225. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14

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    AMA Style

    Bhandari K, Acahrya M, Joshi B, Rokaya DK, Dumre P, et al. Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability. J Civ Constr Environ Eng. 2024;9(6):211-225. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14,
      author = {Khomendra Bhandari and Mahendra Acahrya and Bhishma Joshi and Devendra Kumar Rokaya and Pawan Dumre and Suraj Belbase and Anil Ghimire and Sandesh Dhakal},
      title = {Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability
    },
      journal = {Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering},
      volume = {9},
      number = {6},
      pages = {211-225},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jccee.20240906.14},
      abstract = {Landslides constitute one of the principal perils in Nepal, particularly within its hilly and mountainous terrains, where a confluence of geological fragility and climatic extremities engenders precarious landscapes. Such hazards precipitate considerable loss of life and property. This investigation centers on the Aklesal Dablyang landslide in Baglung district, a potent menace to local infrastructure, agricultural domains, and human lives. By deploying a synthesis of geotechnical (laboratory-based soil analysis) and geophysical (Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)) methodologies, the intrinsic properties of the soil and rock substrata within the landslide precinct were meticulously examined. The findings reveal that the landslide comprises predominantly loose colluvial deposits with elevated moisture levels, resulting in reduced shear strength and heightened failure susceptibility. The study accentuates the pivotal influence of hydrological phenomena such as surface runoff and groundwater seepage in aggravating slope destabilization. These results underscore the exigency for efficacious risk mitigation strategies to diminish landslide impacts on vulnerable communities. The Aklesal Dablyang landslide exemplifies the intricate interplay of geological and hydrological dynamics within Nepal’s complex topographical context. This research delineates the geotechnical and geophysical determinants of slope stability, highlighting the prevalence of loose colluvial deposits exacerbated by substantial moisture content, which attenuates shear strength and heightens vulnerability to mass movement. ERT analyses divulged a stratigraphy dominated by clayey sand interspersed with cobbles and boulders, which exhibit pronounced susceptibility to mass displacement during intense monsoonal precipitation—a phenomenon exacerbated by climate change. Anthropogenic interventions, including deficient drainage systems and substandard construction methodologies, further destabilize slopes by escalating pore-water pressure and diminishing soil cohesion. The study accentuates the imperative for integrative risk management paradigms, encompassing resilient engineering solutions, hydrological controls, and community collaboration, to bolster resilience against such geo-hazards.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Geotechnical and Geophysical Characterization of the Aklesal Dablyang Landslide: Implications for Slope Stability
    
    AU  - Khomendra Bhandari
    AU  - Mahendra Acahrya
    AU  - Bhishma Joshi
    AU  - Devendra Kumar Rokaya
    AU  - Pawan Dumre
    AU  - Suraj Belbase
    AU  - Anil Ghimire
    AU  - Sandesh Dhakal
    Y1  - 2024/11/28
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14
    T2  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
    JF  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
    JO  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
    SP  - 211
    EP  - 225
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-3890
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20240906.14
    AB  - Landslides constitute one of the principal perils in Nepal, particularly within its hilly and mountainous terrains, where a confluence of geological fragility and climatic extremities engenders precarious landscapes. Such hazards precipitate considerable loss of life and property. This investigation centers on the Aklesal Dablyang landslide in Baglung district, a potent menace to local infrastructure, agricultural domains, and human lives. By deploying a synthesis of geotechnical (laboratory-based soil analysis) and geophysical (Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT)) methodologies, the intrinsic properties of the soil and rock substrata within the landslide precinct were meticulously examined. The findings reveal that the landslide comprises predominantly loose colluvial deposits with elevated moisture levels, resulting in reduced shear strength and heightened failure susceptibility. The study accentuates the pivotal influence of hydrological phenomena such as surface runoff and groundwater seepage in aggravating slope destabilization. These results underscore the exigency for efficacious risk mitigation strategies to diminish landslide impacts on vulnerable communities. The Aklesal Dablyang landslide exemplifies the intricate interplay of geological and hydrological dynamics within Nepal’s complex topographical context. This research delineates the geotechnical and geophysical determinants of slope stability, highlighting the prevalence of loose colluvial deposits exacerbated by substantial moisture content, which attenuates shear strength and heightens vulnerability to mass movement. ERT analyses divulged a stratigraphy dominated by clayey sand interspersed with cobbles and boulders, which exhibit pronounced susceptibility to mass displacement during intense monsoonal precipitation—a phenomenon exacerbated by climate change. Anthropogenic interventions, including deficient drainage systems and substandard construction methodologies, further destabilize slopes by escalating pore-water pressure and diminishing soil cohesion. The study accentuates the imperative for integrative risk management paradigms, encompassing resilient engineering solutions, hydrological controls, and community collaboration, to bolster resilience against such geo-hazards.
    
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Tri-chandra Multiple Campus, Department of Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal

  • Central Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University, Kathamandu Nepal

  • Tri-chandra Multiple Campus, Department of Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Khwopa Engineering College, Bhaktapur, Nepal

  • Department of Civil Engineering, Khwopa Engineering College, Bhaktapur, Nepal

  • Tri-chandra Multiple Campus, Department of Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal

  • Tri-chandra Multiple Campus, Department of Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal

  • Tri-chandra Multiple Campus, Department of Geology, Kathmandu, Nepal

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